Sumi

Sumi (墨) is Japanese for black ink. Although there are many different kinds of sumi, only a few are suitable for tatooing. The sumi made by Kobaien in Nara City is considered the highest quality and commands a high price. Sakurazumi (桜墨　"Cherry Blossom Ink"), baikaboku (梅花墨　"Plum Flower Ink") and itsutsuboshi (五つ星 "Five Stars") are the makes of Kobaien sumi that are most commonly used for tebori tattooing. Kobaien sumi is made by collecting the soot from burning pure vegetable oil—usually sesame or pauwlonia—and combining this with a glue derived from vegetable starch. This is shaped into sticks and dried. When needed, the tattoo artist grinds the stick in a slate inkwell called a suzuri until the correct consistency is achieved.